D Arthropod Defenses
1. Antipredator Defenses Arthropods also use various defenses against predators and parasites. Physical defenses include hardened exoskeleton, spines, claws, and mandibles. Chemical defenses are nearly as varied as plant defenses. Hence, predaceous species also must be capable of evaluating and exploiting defended prey resources. The compounds used by arthropods, including predaceous species, generally belong to the same categories of compounds described previously for plants. Many insect...
Responses to Abiotic Conditions
C. Disturbances II. Surviving Variable Abiotic Conditions A. Thermoregulation B Water Balance G Air and Water Chemistry III. ftctors Affecting Dispersal Behavior 45 A. Life History Strategy 45 B. Crowding 45 C Nutritional Status 46 D. Habitat and Resource Condition 46 E. Mechanism of Dispersal 47 IV. Responses to Anthropogenic Changes 49 V. Summary 51 A. Resource Requirements 54 B. Variation in Food Quality 55 C Plant Chemical Defenses 5 E. Factors Affecting Expression of Defenses 69 F....